Glossary

A small Jewish village in Eastern Europe; plural: shtetlach or shtetls.

A synagogue.

Lit. "Set table." Refers to the 16th century code of law codified by Rabbi Joseph Caro in Safed, Israel. Includes a Gloss by Rabbi Moses Isserles from Germany writing his own law code simultaneously with Joseph Caro. Together, the Shulchan Aruch and Gloss unify Sephardic and Ashkenazic Jewry.

Literally, “broken.” One of the shofar blasts. It is composed of three medium blasts.

"Order." Refers to the Prayer Book (i.e., the "order" of the prayers).

"Order." Refers to the weekly Torah portion. (Pl. sidrot)

"Happiness." Refers to any happy occasion.

"Rejoicing in the Law;" holiday that celebrates the completion (and then the beginning) of the annual reading of the Torah.

“Completion.” Usually refers to the completion of the study of a book of Torah, Mishnah, or other study text. The occasion is often accompanied by a festive meal. 

Literally, “scribe;” calligrapher of a sefer Torah or other sacred writings, e.g., the enclosures in a mezuzah, M’gillat Esther, etc.

"Jelly doughnuts;" traditionally eaten in Israel during Hanukkah; singular: sufganiyah.

"Booth" or "hut;" temporary structure associated with the agricultural festival of Sukkot; plural: sukkot.