Writings/Ketuvim
The third section of the Tanach, found after the Torah, and Prophets. This section includes Psalms, Proverbs, Job, the Five Scrolls (Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, and Esther), Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Chronicles I and II.
Aleinu
A concluding prayer of the worship service that reiterates humankind’s responsibility to make the world a better place and expresses the desire to bring the world together in peace.
Aron HaKodesh
Literally, “the holy ark,” often called “the ark.” cabinet in which Torah scrolls are kept in the synagogue’s sanctuary. In most synagogues in North America, the Aron HaKodesh is on the eastern wall so that when worshippers face the ark, they face toward Jerusalem.
Asher kid’shanu b’mitzvotav
Literally, “who makes us holy through commandments.” This prayer formula is included in any Jewish blessing that involves fulfillment of a commandment, such as lighting Shabbat candles.
Avodah
Literally, "service" or "work;" usually refers to communal service or prayer to God, from ancient sacrifices to modern-day worship rituals.
Bar’chu
Literally, “Let us bless.” This prayer marks the beginning of Jewish communal worship in a service, It uses a call and response format through which the leader invites the congregation to bless God.
Baruch atah, Adonai
Literally, “Blessed are You, the Eternal;” the beginning of the formula of Hebrew blessings.
Beit k’neset
“House of assembly.” A synagogue or gathering place for prayer, study, and other communal activities. It is the most common Hebrew term for synagogue, which also may be called a beit midrash (a house of study) or a beit t’filah (a house of prayer).
Beit midrash
“House of study.” A synagogue or gathering place that is a dedicated study space. A synagogue is also called a beit k’neset (a house of meeting/assembly) or a beit t’filah (a house of prayer).
Beit t’filah
“House of prayer.” A synagogue or gathering place in which Jews pray. A synagogue is also called a beit k’neset (a house of meeting/assembly) or a beit midrash (a house of study).